Web Accessibility. . . Making your Pages Friendly to People with Disabilities

Did you know that nearly 20 percent of all Webwill surely influence the outcome. In Australia, a similar
users have some form of disability?suit was brought a couple of years ago by a blind
"Making your site accessible for all is a matter ofperson against the Olympic Committee because he
courtesy, is good business practice, and is notcould not get tickets online. The suit resulted in a win
difficult," explains Robert Roberts, a professional SEOfor him: a $20,000 damage settlement.
who owns the SEO Toolbox ("What all this means is that sooner or later, any
In fact, Roberts believes that Web accessibility issuesInternet site offering goods and services will have to
are so important that he's been having monthly chatcomply with accessibility standards."
sessions on the subject for students at theIn Roberts' accessibility section ( he's placed a link to
Academy of Web Specialists ( He's also created athe lawsuit, if you'd like to learn more.
special section of his Web site that's devoted toWhat if you have an image that conveys information,
accessibility issues (such as a pie chart, graph, or schedule? A simple alt
Roberts states that disabilities can be anything fromtag description isn't sufficient to convey that
"simple" color blindness to more severe disabilities.information adequately. Roberts explains a
The Use of Alt Text to Solve Accessibility Issueswork-around for this problem:
"Let's start with image alt tags. You can use the alt"There are a couple of things you can do, with one
tag to your advantage, not just for SEO purposes.being right in the tag itself: you can use the 'longdesc'
The alt description tells those users with assistiveelement. The longdesc is actually a link to another
technologies what the image is about.page where you can lay out the information in text
"There is the issue of lots of clear images meant toformat.
be used as spacers in layouts. Should you use an alt"Here is a sample tag:
tag for every one of those? Yes, in a sense, you
use what's called the Null Alt, meaning an empty alt"The problem with the longdesc attribute is that it is
tag, like this: alt="". Notice that there is no spacenot widely supported by assistive technology. As a
between the quotes, which means that assistiveresult, an alternative convention is suggested, using a
devices will bypass the image and not try to explainD-Link. This is a text link placed immediately after the
it. But if you don't use it, assistive devices will show aimage. It is a link to the same descriptive page
blank where the image would be or cause othercontained in the longdesc attribute. This way, you are
display issues.sure that it can't be missed."
"The alt tag for navigation images is critical. Actually,Here's an example using the D-Link:
you should use text navigation wherever possible, asD
good SEO's, but there are times when the layoutSome Accessibility Solutions Are Actually Beneficial
uses buttons, which brings up another issue - that offrom an SEO Standpoint
navigation preceding content."Since Search Engine Marketers often use alt text as
Solving the Problem of Navigation Preceding Contentan extra spot to place keywords, can it still be used
Roberts continues, "When a person using an assistivein that manner?
device opens a Web page, he or she is usually"Bear in mind that it should not be only for keywords,
greeted by lots of navigation before getting to thebecause it really is an assistive aid. What I've done is
content. Furthermore, an assistive device like asomething like this: 'keyword keyword - link to
screen reader will read ALL of the navigation everydescription page'," explains Roberts.
single time. One solution is to include a "skipRoberts continues, "A link to a more informative text
navigation" link that allows the person to jump to theexplanation of a pie chart or whatever can only add
page content. This can be in the form of a tinyto search engine relevancy because you can make
hidden clear image linked to an anchor tag.the additional page focus on a keyword. Accessibility
"If you would like to see an example, take a look atalso applies to things like WAP, handheld devices, and
the source code for any page at SEO Toolbox ( Thetelephonic devices.
logo at the top of the page is linked to the menu,"People need to see what your information is and
because the menu markup is actually at the bottomhow to get to it. The matter of tables is important
of the HTML code. You would be able to use thisnot only because of accessibility but because it will
strategy with any assistive device or in a textactually be easier for search engines to get around in
browser like Lynx."them. There is a brief example of this on the regular
Why Accessibility Issues Are So Important TheseSEO Toolbox site: There is more complete
Daysinformation, with two examples, at:
"One of the reasons all of this is so important," saysables_layout.html."
Roberts, "is because of a lawsuit in progress that"After all," Roberts continues, "which do you think will
looks like it may get to the Supreme Court. A blindbe better for relevancy? If a spider must wade
man in Florida is suing Southwest Airlines because hethrough yards of code before getting to your
is unable to complete normal transactions on theircontent, or if the spider can see your content first
Web site."thing? The answer is pretty obvious."
By means of explanation, the Americans withIf you aren't using Lynx, Roberts recommends adding
Disabilities Act provides provisions on the accessibilityit as part of your Web development arsenal for
of public accommodations to the disabled, and this isseeing how your pages look in a variety of browsers.
the Act that is being referenced in the case.(
The plaintiffs in the case claim that Congress wroteLynx is a free, predominately text-based browser
the ADA so broadly that the Internet is covered,that will give you an idea of how those with
meaning that it 'applies to Internet Web sites just asdisabilities view your site. Many Web visitors prefer it
it does to brick-and-mortar facilities like moviebecause it doesn't support JavaScript, Flash, or
theaters and department stores.'DHTML and is free of popups.
The defendants (Southwest Airlines and AmericanFor More Information
Airlines) have taken the position that Congress neverAccording to Roberts, one of the best books on the
meant to include the Internet, because cyberspacetopic of accessibility is Constructing Accessible Web
was in its infancy at the time the law was written.Sites by Jim Thatcher. The book just hit the shelves
So, the argument is whether a Web site is a 'publicand covers what you need to know in an efficient,
accommodation' under Title III of the ADA.easy-to-understand manner.
"But," continues Roberts, "there is a precedent that